1. Hoisting mechanism: The hoisting mechanism of the roadway stacker can be composed of a motor, a brake, a reducer or a sprocket and a flexible part. The commonly used flexible parts are steel wire ropes and lifting chains, etc. The steel wire ropes are used as flexible parts for light weight. Safe work and low noise; the use of chains as flexible parts is relatively compact. In addition to general gear reducers, worm gear reducers and planetary gear reducers are often used due to the need for a larger reduction ratio. The hoisting speed should be low-speed and low-speed, which is mainly used for extremely short-distance lifting of the fork and the loading platform when stopping and fetching and placing goods smoothly. The working speed of the hoisting mechanism is generally 12-30m/min, and the highest is 48m/min. Among the three drives of the stacker, which are hoisting, walking and fork (fork and pick up), the hoisting power is the largest.
2. Operating mechanism: The commonly used operating mechanisms are ground-walking ground support type and upper walking-type suspension type or shelf support type. The ground walking type uses 2 to 4 wheels to run on the ground single track or double track, and the top of the column is provided with guide wheels. The upper walking type adopts 4 or 8 wheels to travel on the I-beam lower flange of the lower chord of the roof truss, and there is a horizontal guide wheel in the lower part. The upper part of the shelf support type has 4 wheels, which walk along the two guide rails on the top of the shelf on both sides of the roadway, and there are also horizontal guide wheels in the lower part.
3. Cargo platform and loading and unloading mechanism: The cargo platform is the carrying device of the cargo unit. For the picking stacker that only needs to pick a part of the goods from the cargo compartment, there is no loading and unloading device on the loading platform, and only the platform is used for placing the container. The loading and unloading device is a special working mechanism of the stacker. The part of the structure for picking up the goods is designed according to the shape characteristics of the goods. The most common is a telescopic fork, but it can also be a telescopic pallet, or other structural forms.
The fork mechanism is mounted on the cargo platform, and the cargo platform moves in the vertical walking direction (lifting) along the guide rail on the column under the support of the rollers, which is perpendicular to the lifting - the direction of the walking plane is the direction of the fork . The operation platform of the stacker is set on the base, where the staff can perform manual or semi-automatic operation. When the fork is fully extended, it is more than twice its original length. Generally, the fork adopts a three-section mechanism, the lower fork is fixed on the cargo platform, and the middle fork and the lower fork can be extended to the left and right. When the driving gear 1 rotates clockwise, the middle fork moves to the left; under the traction of the chain, the upper fork also moves to the left to achieve the purpose of extending the fork to the left. When the driving gear 1 turns counterclockwise, the fork is extended to the right.
4. Frame: The frame of the roadway stacker is composed of a frame, an upper beam and a lower beam. According to the different frame structure, the roadway stacker is divided into two types: double-column and single-column roadway stacker. The double-column roadway stacker is a rectangular frame composed of two columns and upper and lower beams. There are two structural forms of the column, the square tube and the round tube. It is characterized by high strength and rigidity, stable operation and high running speed. Mainly used in three-dimensional warehouses with high lifting height and large lifting weight. The single-column roadway stacker is composed of a column and a lower beam, and a guide rail is attached to the column. It is characterized by the light weight of the fuselage, low manufacturing cost and poor rigidity. It is mainly used in three-dimensional warehouses with small lifting capacity, and the running speed cannot be too high.
5. Electrical device: The electrical device is composed of an electric drive device and an automatic control device. The roadway stacker is generally driven by an AC motor. If the speed regulation requirements are high, it is driven by a DC motor. The control methods of the control device are manual, semi-automatic and automatic, among which the automatic control includes two methods: on-board control and remote control.
6. Safety protection device, stacker is a kind of hoisting machinery, which needs to run at high speed in high and narrow roadways. In order to ensure the safety of people and equipment, the stacker must be equipped with complete hardware and software safety protection devices, such as stroke limit devices of various mechanisms, falling overspeed protection devices, broken rope protection devices, lifting overload protection devices, power failure protection etc.